Nuts and Washers
Video
Nuts and washers are commonly used in construction projects to join wood, fasten heavy wood structures, or connect two iron parts. A nut pulls two pieces of work together along a bolt shaft, while a washer is a thin, unthreaded piece that fits onto the bolt shaft to spread the load of the connection over a greater area. Washers can also help prevent the fastener from loosening once installed, reduce wear on the hole, and stop inward pressure on softer materials
         
Lock Nuts
A locknut, also known as a locking nut, self-locking nut, prevailing torque nut, stiff nut, or elastic stop nut, is a fastener that prevents a nut or bolt from loosening under vibrations and torque. Some types of locknuts include:
  • Nylon insert: A locknut with a nylon collar insert at the end that resists turning
  • Galvanized: A locknut coated with a sacrificial zinc coating to prevent corrosion
  • Flange: A one-piece, all-metal locknut that doesn't have the same temperature and chemical limitations as non-metallic lock nuts
  • Binx: A self-locking nut with a thread locking system that resists the screw from backing off
  • Aerotight: A self-locking nut with anti-vibration properties that can be reused several times
  • Serrated flange: A locking nut with a wide flange at one end that functions as an integrated washer
  • Locking wire
Washers
Washers are thin, circular pieces of metal or plastic with a hole in the center that are used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener, such as a bolt or nut. Washers can also be square and have other uses, such as a spacer, spring, wear pad, preload indicating device, locking device, and to reduce vibration.
           
Tab Washer
Tab washers can be used for locking the nuts which are located near an edge or corner. These are thin metal washers designed with two or more tabs that project from the external diameter. On assembly, a tab is bent against the component or sometimes into a hole in the componen
 
Spring Washer
The primary purpose of spring washers is to provide tension and preload in a joint assembly. This helps to maintain clamping force and prevent loosening or loss of tension due to vibration, thermal cycling, or other factors
 
Tooth Lock Washer
These washers work best with soft surfaces as hard surfaces will flatten the teeth – preventing them from successfully biting into the surface and securing the joint